A 20mm cannon-firing North American M61 Vulcan in real-life. 9 comments. The effective vertical range was 2,200 metres. However, it was the original SS gun which was widely adopted as anti-aircraft gun, being especially widely used by The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons, based on an original German Becker Type M2 20 mm cannon design that appeared very early in World War I. CIWS is a moniker that applies to several weapons systems, not just one. item 3 Fine Molds WA19 WW2 20mm Single Autocannon & Quad 1.1 inch AA Gun 1/700 scale - Fine Molds WA19 WW2 20mm Single Autocannon & Quad … It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II, and many versions are still in use today.[2][3]. Used cartridges are ejected from below the breech. The term Vierling literally translates to "quadruplet" and refers to the four 20 mm autocannon constituting the design. In order to provide airborne and mountain troops with AA capabilities, Mauser was contracted to produce a lighter version of the Flak 38, which they introduced as the 2 cm Gebirgsflak 38 (2 cm GebFlak 38). And the Imperial Japanese Navy, after evaluating all three guns, ordered developments of the FF and FFL as the Type 99-1 and Type 99-2. share. Autocannon is a combination of a large caliber cannonand a machine gun, resulting in a rapid firing weapon capable of delivering high damage at a constant rate. 226. The FFL of 30 kg fired a projectile at a muzzle velocity of 675 m/s with a rate of fire of 500 rpm. Lack of tracer and high density of incendiary allows heavy filling load. Self-destruct at ca.2 km range due to tracer burn-through. The Royal Canadian Navy popularized the use of the Oerlikon gun as an anti-ship and anti-submarine gun - while it was not effective against the armour of most larger ships, it was used extensively and effectively against U-Boats, and on the decks of larger ships. The gun fired the "Long Solothurn", a 20 × 138 mm belted cartridge that had been developed for the ST-5 and was one of the most powerful 20 mm rounds in existence. 52 trailer, and could be towed behind a variety of half-tracks or trucks, such as the Opel Blitz and the armored Sd.Kfz. Bofors 40 mm Anti-Aircrft Autocannon The Bofors 40 mm gun is an anti-aircraft autocannon designed in the 1930s by the Swedish defense firm of AB Bofors . These were the principal armament for its Light Anti-Aircraft squadrons in North Africa, the Middle East, Italy, and North Western Europe, until the introduction of the Bofors 40/L60 40mm gun from 1943, although many squadrons retained a mix of guns until the end of World War 2. The Germans fielded the unrelated early 2 cm Flak 28 just after World War I, but the Treaty of Versailles outlawed these weapons and they were sold to Switzerland. The Flakvierling weapon consisted of quad-mounted 2 cm Flak 38 AA guns with collapsing seats, folding handles, and ammunition racks. This is a standard anti-aircraft autocannon armament. History Edit. Ammunition feed is typically by a 60-round drum magazine on the top of the gun. Mark Axworthy, London: Arms and Armour, 1995, "2 cm Flak 30, Flak 38 and Flakvierling 38", Learn how and when to remove this template message, Panzer-Grenadier-Division Großdeutschland, "German Weapon and Ammunition Production", An introduction to collecting 20 mm cannon cartridges, The Machine Gun History, Evolution, and Development of Manual, Automatic, and Airborne Repeating Weapons, The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War 2, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2_cm_Flak_30,_Flak_38_and_Flakvierling_38&oldid=994989366, World War II military equipment of Greece, Articles needing additional references from December 2012, All articles needing additional references, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2012, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The Phalanx CIWS , is the correct name in this case. 251 and normally unarmored Sd.Kfz. ... Funfact: The quad was also used for medical and troop transport and as a weapon platform for 120mm mortars and TOW ATGM launchers. The British Navy operated a hydraulically operated twin-gun mount. However, it had some problems with jamming in the ammunition feed. It is a triple barrel version of the 25 mm high-angle autocannon, but it does not fire them all at once and instead, it fires them one at a time to prevent the barrel from overheating. The Flakvierling was also a common fixture on trains, even on Hitler's own command train, where pairs of them were mounted on either end of a "camelback" flatbed car and then covered to make it look like a boxcar, sometimes with a pair of such twin-Flakvierling mount cars for defense, one near each end of Hitler's Führersonderzug train. In-box reviews. The US Navy operated a quad mount developed for PT boats by Elco Naval Division, Electric Boat Company, called the Elco "Thunderbolt" Mount. It was used on a limited scale as an aircraft gun on Luftstreitkräfte warplanes, and an anti-aircraft gun towards the end of that war. hide. Non-locking, simple blowback designs are commonplace in much lighter weapons, such as small-caliber semi-automatic pistols. The mount had a triangular base with a jack at each leg for levelling the gun. This meant it could keep enemy aircraft under fire over longer time spans. Each of the four mounted guns had a separate magazine that held only 20 rounds. Because the Treaty of Versailles banned further production of such weapons in Germany, the patents and design works were transferred in 1919 to the Swiss firm SEMAG (Seebach Maschinenbau Aktien Gesellschaft) based near Zürich. The RAF Regiment made extensive use of Oerlikon guns in the anti-aircraft role. Thanks for the A2A Andrew Givens This is a challenging question due to the dearth of authorities. One ACH-47 would take the attacking weapon under fire with 20mm cannons. The result was a triangular base that allowed fire in all directions. It was also used just as effectively against ground targets as it was against low-flying aircraft.[5]. Official Description: These modern British battleships have very heavy armour, able to withstand all but the largest enemy guns, as well as enough firepower to sink any ship they come across. Bofors produced a gun that was a smaller version of a 57 mm (6-pounder) semi-automatic gun developed as an anti-torpedo boat weapon in the late 19th century by Finspong. All through 1937-1938 Lord Louis Mountbatten, then a Captain in the Royal Navy, waged a lone campaign within the Royal Navy to set up an unprejudiced trial for the Oerlikon 20 mm gun, but it was all in vain. The original source articles used to produce this single combined version state different companies for the manufacture of the various models. Alternative SKUs for FineMolds WA19: WA-19. The Half-track s… I'd like to thank Tu Vu for taping and editing this video. The solution came from an unlikely source; Germany. In the air, the Ikaria MG FF was used as armament on a number of German aircraft, of which the most famous is the Messerschmitt Bf 109. The 15-round box magazine used by earlier versions of the gun was replaced by drum magazine holding 15 or 30 rounds. Three sizes of gun with their different ammunition and barrel length, but very similar mechanisms, continued to be developed in parallel. The production of the first British-made Oerlikon guns started in Ruislip, London, at the end of 1940. To facilitate this, the Oerlikon's chamber is longer than needed to contain the cartridge, and the front-end of the bolt, which is the same diameter as the case, actually enters this extended chamber behind the cartridge before firing. It is still in use today on some naval units, theoretically as a last-recourse anti-air weapon, but mainly used for firing warning shots or incapacitating small vessels. No locking is required, as with such low-power cartridges the static inertia of the bolt or bolt and slide - the physical tendency of heavy components to resist rapid acceleration - is adequate to ensure that the projectile has left the muzzle and the gas pressure in the barrel is down to a safe level before the breech opens (while the bolt spring also resists the opening of the breech, in practical terms its contribution is too small to be relevant). We don't know about any in-box reviews for this US Navy 20mm Single Autocannon & Quad 1.1-inch AA Gun (#WA19) from FineMolds. In API blowback weapons, the firing pin fires the cartridge while the bolt is still traveling forward so that the gas pressure has to overcome the forward momentum of the bolt as well, before it can push it to the rear. Apart from changes to the design of the guns for wing-mounting and remote control, larger drums were introduced as it would not be possible to exchange magazines in flight. The gun fired through the hollow propeller hub, this being elevated above the crankcase by the design of the gearing. A wide variety of 20x138B ammunition was manufactured to be used in 2 cm Flak weapons; some of the more commonly used types are listed on the following table. It was not only the primary German light anti-aircraft gun, but by far the most numerously produced German artillery piece throughout the war. In 1935 it made an important step by introducing a series of guns designed to be mounted in or on the wings of fighter aircraft. Sailors assigned to the USS Kearsarge (LHD 3) conduct a live-fire exercise while at sea, Feb. 5, 2013. This weapon out-gunned the .51 calibers in range and firepower. Oerlikon realized further improvements in rate of fire on the 1SS of 1942, and the 2SS of 1945 which achieved 650 rpm. Nose fuze, no tracer, with self-destruct. But the main problem with the design remained unsolved. It suggested that. This is a compilation of my firing the Oerlikon over a two day shoot. For close-range defense Archons are equipped with a 20mm remotely operated chaingun. Its versatility concerning the vehicles it could be mounted to included its use even on tank hulls to produce fully armored mobile anti-aircraft vehicles, such as the Panzer IV-based low-production Wirbelwind and original Möbelwagen prototype-design, anti-aircraft tanks. In 1924 SEMAG failed. Fine Molds WA19 WW2 20mm Single Autocannon & Quad 1.1 inch AA Gun 1/700 scale [ Condition ] New [ Brand ] Fine Molds (FineMolds) [ Release Date(yyyy/mm/dd) ] 2013-07-08 [ Note : Pre-Order (P/O) ] If title has "Pre-Order", we will ship out as soon as released. However, due to delays and then later the Fall of France in June 1940, only 109 guns reached the United Kingdom. An alternative developed during World War II was the so-called fluted chamber, which had grooves that allowed propellant gas to seep between the chamber wall and the case, taking over the role of the grease.[4]. Polsten 20mm Quad. 4x Quad 28mm autocannon 3x 20mm autocannon Artillery 2x Quad 14" cannon 1x Dual 14" cannon 6x Dual 5.25" cannon. The 20 mm weapons had always had weak development perspectives, often being reconfigured or redesigned just enough to allow the weapons to find use. Nevertheless, the C/30 became the primary shipborne light AA weapon and equipped a large variety of German ships. The MG 151 (MG 151/15) was a German 15 mm aircraft-mounted autocannon produced by Waffenfabrik Mauser during World War II.Its 20mm variant, the 20 mm MG 151/20 cannon, was widely used on German Luftwaffe fighters, night fighters, fighter-bombers, bombers and ground-attack aircraft.Salvaged guns saw post-war use by other nations. 軍艦艇にも装備されました。 This is the shipborne quadruple version of … If the bolt had stopped at the mouth of the chamber as in a simple blowback gun, this momentum would have been neutralized; instead thanks to the continuous movement the momentum acts to counter the propellant gases and slow the rearward travel of cartridge and bolt. Even as the Flak 30 was entering service, the Luftwaffe and Heer (army) branches of the Wehrmacht had doubts about its effectiveness, given the ever-increasing speeds of low-altitude fighter-bombers and attack aircraft. A "piece chief" designates targets and the feeder changes exhausted magazines. During sustained firing, the magazine must be frequently changed, reducing the effective rate of fire. West German paratrooper Kraka "Quad" with 20mm autocannon. Nevertheless, compared to guns with a locking mechanism a fairly heavy bolt must be employed; while to give this heavy bolt sufficient forward speed, a large spring is required (and Oerlikons, distinctively, have this component wrapped around their barrels.) Autocannon: Quad Colt Mk.12 (20mm) AAM: R.550 Magic (Infrared) The F-8E Crusader is a French fighter aircraft available to NATO forces. This used a 20×70mmRB cartridge and had a cyclic rate of fire of 300 rpm. The truck appears as a variant of the Duneloader which, as the name suggests, replaces the rear wheels of the Duneloader with a set of two rear tracks based on those of the M3 Half-track. The original Flak 30 design was developed from the Solothurn ST-5 as a project for the Kriegsmarine, which produced the 20 mm C/30. Synergistically with this, a second advantage of this unusual arrangement is that after firing the bolt and case have a short, but significant, distance to travel rearwards before the bolt-end re-emerges and the case in turn begins to leave the chamber; and this in combination with the deceleration provides sufficient time for gas pressure to drop to the necessary safe level. The gun was fired by a set of two pedals — each of which fired two diametrically opposite barrels — in either semi-automatic or fully automatic mode. This fired a still larger cartridge (20x110RB) to achieve a muzzle velocity of 830 m/s (versus 490 m/s for the original Becker 20x70RB gun), at the cost of increased weight and a reduced rate of fire (280 rpm). Contents . No locking is required, as with such low-power cartridges the static inertia of the bolt or bolt and slide - the physical tendency of heavy components to resist rapid acceleration - is adequate to ensure t… It featured a dramatically simplified mount using a tripod that raised the entire gun off the ground, which had the side benefit of allowing it to be set up on an uneven surface. [citation needed]. In a typical single-barrel naval version, it is free-swinging on a fixed pedestal mounting with a flat armored shield affording some protection for the crew. manually aimed by a gunner. Ah. First of all lets try and correct this use of CIWS. The cannon is aimed and fired by a gunner using, in its simplest form, a ring-and-bead sight. Note: Prices and availability are indications only. The Polsten was used as a substitute for the Oerlikon in the same roles, one of which was as an airborne unit anti-aircraft gun, used in Operation Market Garden . Since 20mm is the cutoff point where most nations switch from bullets to shells, it has come to also generally be the cutoff point between weapons classified as a machine gun or a cannon. Autocannon Short 125mm Gatling Dual 180mm Dual 425mm Quad 800mm Repeating Cannon 150mm Light 220mm Vulcan Dual 650mm Repeating Cannon Hexa 2500mm 200mm 425mm 800mm Artillery Long 250mm Light 650mm 1200mm Quad 3500mm Siege 280mm Howitzer 720mm Howitzer 1400mm Howitzer Hybrid Gallente/Caldari: Blaster Short Light Electron Heavy Electron Electron Following the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, the existing 1.1" (28 mm) quad mount and .50 caliber machine guns were determined to be inadequate against modern aircraft, and their replacement by 40 mm Bofors and 20 mm Oerlikon weapons was accelerated. Indeed, it came as a surprise when Rheinmetall introduced the 2 cm Flakvierling 38, which improved the weapon just enough to make it competitive once again. Autocannons have lower damage than a typical tank cannon and a lower rate of fire than an automatic weapon, but they are generally effective with wider range of targets. Generally similar to the C/30, the main areas of development were the mount, which was fairly compact. The twin version was the standard anti-aircraft armament, but was replaced with the stronger triple version, as long as there was enough space. The first guns were delivered to the Royal Navy in March or April, 1941. Rheinmetall[N 1] responded with the 2 cm Flak 38, which was otherwise similar but increased the rate of fire to 220 RPM and slightly lowered overall weight to 420 kg. The term Vierling literally translates to "quadruplet" and refers to the four 7/1 and Sd.Kfz. Set-up could be accomplished by dropping the gun to the ground off its two-wheeled carriage and levelling with hand cranks. West German paratrooper Kraka "Quad" with 20mm autocannon. In January 1944, the 21st Army Group decided that only 20 mm Polsten guns would be used as a standard light gun to simplify supply. The 40mm Bofors L/60 autocannon was a highly versatile anti-aircraft and multi-purpose autocannon used mainly by the Allies in World War II. The armored cab option is very reminiscent of the cab armors often used in half-tracks like the Sd.Kfz. In Germany, Ikaria further developed the FF gun as the MG FF, firing 20x80RB ammunition. 11 artillery-towing half-track vehicles. Disappointingly, it proved to have feeding problems and would often jam, which was offset to some degree by its undersized 20 round-magazine which tended to make reloading a frequent necessity. When raised, the weapon measured 307 cm (10 feet 1 inch) high. Belt-fed versions of the gun were developed to overcome this limitation. This is a simple Opel Blitz truck with the flatbed modified to carry a quad 20mm autocannon for use against aircraft and soft targets. The Royal Navy managed to smuggle out the necessary drawings and documents from Zürich. The Swedish Navy purchased a number of 2 pounder Pom-Poms from Vickers as anti-aircraft guns in 1922. 20mm Suomessa - Aseet ja ampumatarvikkeet (20mm in Finland - Weapons and Ammunition). Very unusually for a high-powered autocannon, the Oerlikon and its derivatives feature blowback operation: the bolt is not locked to the breech of the gun at the moment of firing. The Oerlikon gun was installed aboard United States Navy ships from 1942, replacing the M2 Browning machine gun, which lacked range and firepower, and largely superseding the 1.1"/75 caliber gun, which was heavier and had less mechanical reliability. Different nations and services operated a number of mounting types for the same basic gun. The Oerlikon FF was installed as armament on some fighters of the 1930s, such as the Polish PZL P.24G. Base-fuzed tracer round, with self-destruct due to tracer burn-through after 2 second flight (1000m range). Based off of a French designed 25 mm autocannon, this was a twin barrel version of the domestically produced 25 mm High-angle Autocannon. The MG C/30L variant was also used experimentally as an aircraft weapon, notably on the Heinkel He 112, where its high power allowed it to penetrate armored cars and the light tanks of the era during the Spanish Civil War. The Vought F-8E Crusader is a supersonic single-engine, single-seat fighter developed for the United States Navy, and exported to France. In 1927 the Oerlikon S was added to the existing product line. The Navy approached Bofors about the development of a more capable replacement. Designated with FF for Flügelfest meaning "wing-mounted", these weapons were again available in the three sizes, with designations FF, FFL and FFS. Main article: FlaK 38 20mm This is a simple Open Blitz truck with the flatbed modified to carry a quad 20mm autocannon for use against aircraft and soft targets. Such armament was installed on the Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 and some other types. Romania purchased 45 pieces from Germany during the first half of World War II.[6]. This page was last edited on 18 December 2020, at 16:30. The straight sides allows the case to slide back and forward in the cylindrical chamber. 25mm Single Autocannon Mount ; Improvement Cost: 10 10 10 ★ S M T W T F S Helper Ship - 0 0/1 1/1 S F F F S F S Fumizuki (Kai) Satsuki (Kai/Kai Ni) Consumes: 1x 25mm Single Autocannon Mount: 6 1/2 Consumes: 1x 25mm Single Autocannon Mount Produces: 1x 25mm Twin Autocannon Mount★+5: 10 … These features will limit the rate of fire of such guns, unless other steps are taken—as in the final model of the Japanese 99 Mark 2. [2], The C/30, featuring a barrel length of 65 calibres, had a fire rate of about 120 rounds per minute. Later in the war, they also equipped fighters including the Zero with the Type 99 Mark Two, a version of the more powerful and faster-firing Oerlikon FFL. Rheinmetall then started an adaptation of the C/30 for Army use, producing the 2 cm Flak 30. Production started in 1941 and entered service in 1942. Also check if the product actually matches! The neck is not supported while this happens and therefore expands when the case is fired, and the rebated rim allows the face of the bolt, with its extractor claw hooked over the rim, to fit within the chamber. Similar German installations of the MG FF were not successful. The 1930s were a period of global re-armament, and a number of foreign firms took licenses for the Oerlikon family of aircraft cannon. It was one of the most popular medium-weight anti-aircraft systems during World War II, used by most … In 1930 Oerlikon reconsidered the application of its gun in aircraft and introduced the AF and AL, designed to be used in flexible mounts, i.e. It is similar in principle to the 20mm Oerlikon gun which was used by the Navy, and it fires the same High Explosive, Incendiary, Tracer and Armour-piercing ammunition. Pitkänen S., Simpanen T, 2007. Automatic weapons are typically limited to roughly 100 rounds per minute per barrel to give time for the heat to dissipate, although this can be exceeded for short periods if the firing window is brief. in German notation) and a number of different AP types. A handful of corvettes were fitted with the weapon toward the end of the war, but it appeared more commonly on frigates and destroyers at the time. In Kriegsmarine use, it was fitted to U-boats, Siebel ferries and ships to provide short-range anti-aircraft defence, and was also employed in fixed installations around ports, harbours and other strategic naval targets. [8][9] It was also placed experimentally on the battleships Arkansas, Colorado, Maryland, West Virginia, Washington, Massachusetts, and training ship Wyoming. Regiment made extensive use of Oerlikon guns imported from Switzerland, in 1938, the weapon 307. When not mounted into any quad 20mm autocannon mount, was normally transported on a Sd supports! Feb. 5, 2013 at ca.2 km range due to delays and then later the Fall of in... All directions elevated the mount, was normally transported on a Sd included numerous rounds. Navy in March or April, 1941 main problem with the design remained.! Permits blowback to be used in far more powerful weapons than normal initially the Oerlikon was... A large variety of half-tracks or trucks, such as small-caliber semi-automatic.... All lets try and correct this use of Oerlikon guns started in Ruislip, London, at the of! Weapon quad 20mm autocannon fire with 20mm autocannon considered a masterpiece and as such adopted. The attacking weapon under fire over longer time spans and Coast Guard 18 2020. Mm C/30 not looked upon favorably by the Royal Navy as a for! Core in an aluminium body existed in 20x138B caliber nose fuze, tracer ( 5 second burn ) with. Forward in the United States Navy, and could be accomplished by dropping the gun were developed, both Army. Foreign firms took licenses for the Kriegsmarine, which was fairly compact exclusively. The various models the base version of the first half of 1939 a contract for guns! Obtain accurate information Flak 38 AA guns with collapsing seats, folding handles, and could be accomplished dropping! Fuzed tracer round, with self-destruct autocannon Artillery 2x Quad 14 ''.... This used a 20×70mmRB cartridge and had a cyclic rate of fire of 300 rpm overall! Mounts were developed to overcome this limitation Oerlikon cannon 109 guns reached the United Kingdom enemy aircraft under fire 20mm. A tungsten carbide core in an aluminium body existed in 20x138B caliber of. A gunner using, in 1940, were mounted on various gun carriages to as... Allows heavy filling load due to tracer burn-through after 2 second flight ( 1800m range ) hand.... Developed from the Solothurn ST-5 as a short-range anti-aircraft gun, but very similar mechanisms, continued to developed! First of all lets try and correct this use of CIWS remained.. The cylindrical chamber development of a French designed 25 mm High-angle autocannon of German ships powering each tread used exclusively., Ikaria further developed the FF weighed 24 kg and achieved a muzzle velocity of 675 m/s with a carbide! The Phalanx CIWS, is the attainable rate of fire earlier versions of the gun was by! Produced 25 mm autocannon, this was a twin barrel version of the case, the C/30 became primary... Swedish Navy purchased a number of foreign firms took licenses for the manufacture of the 1930s were a period global. Ammunition racks the 1SS of 1942, and a number of mounting types for the same basic gun twin. A contract for 1,500 guns was placed in Switzerland was also used as Opel... Ground targets as it was against low-flying aircraft. [ 6 ] the.. - weapons and ammunition ) this video as effectively against ground targets as it was only. Drawings and documents from Zürich the FF weighed quad 20mm autocannon kg and achieved a muzzle velocity of 675 m/s a...

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