Viburnum opulus L. Guelder Rose. They can be dried for later use. [14][15][16] The song Chervona Kalyna was the anthem of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, and a berry cluster is today an insignia of the Ukrainian Army. [9], The fruit is edible in small quantities, with a very acidic taste; it can be used to make jelly. The bunches with mature fruits of V. opulus var. Huge heads of white, hydrangea-like flowers are the main feature of this spectacular, spring-flowering shrub that enjoys a cool position. Viburnum opulus, commonly called European cranberry bush, is a highbush cranberry that is native to Europe, Asia and N. Africa. It is hardy to zone (UK) 2 and is not frost tender. Viburnum opulus is grown as an ornamental plant for its flowers and berries, growing best on moist, moderately alkaline soils, though tolerating most soil types well. Edule). Leaves three- (sometimes four- or five-) lobed, maple-like, 2 to 4 in. Viburnum opulus, commonly called European cranberry bush, is a highbush cranberry that is native to Europe, Asia and N. Africa.It is a deciduous shrub with a rounded spreading habit that typically grows to 10-15’ tall. Viburnum trilobum is a deciduous Shrub growing to 3 m (9ft 10in) at a medium rate. [4] Other common names include water elder, cramp bark, snowball tree, common snowball[5], and European cranberrybush, though this plant is not closely related to the cranberry. [12][13] Its berries symbolize one's home and native land, blood, and family roots. Birds in the field and laboratory preferred all other fruit species tested over v: opulus. Compactum is a smaller form, to 6 feet high and wide. [18]:149 The bitter side of the red fruit also symbolizes love separation in Russian folk culture. Genus of flowering plants in the family Adoxaceae, "Viburnum phylogeny based on combined molecular data: implications for taxonomy and biogeography", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Viburnum&oldid=987447390, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 7 November 2020, at 02:58. Viburnum opulus fruits remained uneaten through the fall until most were removed, apparently by avian seed predators. across (7 cm), packed with sterile flowers in late spring. In the literature there is little available information concerning European cranberrybush fruit (Viburnum opulus var. Viburnum opulus var. Several cultivars have been selected, including 'Roseum' (synonym 'Sterile', 'Snowball'), in which all the flowers are only of the larger sterile type, with globular flower heads. Around 165 species are described. The highbush cranberry is actually not a cranberry at all, though its fruit strongly (somewhat) resemble cranberries. Bloom Color: White. It is in flower in June, and the seeds ripen from July to September. Some popular species, hybrids, and cultivars include: This variety of Viburnum is more compact than other Viburnum plants. The red fiery color of the berries represents beauty in Russian culture and together with sweet raspberries it symbolise the passionate love of a beautiful maiden, since berries were always an erotic symbol in Russia. Our findings suggest Viburnum opulus fruit as a dietary source of phytocompounds, which could be considered as a tailored design food supplement components for the prevention and treatment of postprandial elevation of glucose and fatty acids through delaying the rate of glucose and fatty acid absorption by intestinal cells. In Ukraine, Viburnum opulus (kalyna) is seen as a national symbol, an emblem for both the Koliada festivities and the concept of young girl's love and tenderness. V. lentago[9]) are edible and can be eaten either raw or for making jam, while other species (e.g. Peaches and cherries are examples of fruits that are drupes. Kalyna is often depicted on Ukrainian embroidery: ritual cloths and shirts. [2] It was previously included in the honeysuckle family Caprifoliaceae.[1]. To investigate the fruiting strategy of this plant, I described the natural history of fruit removal from V. opulus shrubs in central New York and investigated nutritional mechanisms for the phenology of fruit removal by its principal disperser. The shrub is also cultivated as a component of hedgerows, cover plantings, and as part of other naturalistic plantings in its native regions. A large rounded shrub reaching 10-12'. Fruits of Viburnum opulus (highbush cranberry, guelder rose) ripen in the fall and remain uneaten throughout the winter months. Mentions of the viburnum can be found throughout Ukrainian folklore such as songs, decorative art, Ukrainian embroidery, and poetry. Phylogenetic anlyses suggest the following relationship between those species: clade containing sections Sambucina, Lobata, Coriacea, and Succodontotinus, V. edule (squashberry, mooseberry) — Canada and northern parts of the US, V. koreanum (korean viburnum) — China, Korea, V. sargentii (tianmu viburnum) — north eastern Asia, V. trilobum (high bush viburnum) — northern North America. According to a legend, kalyna was associated with the birth of the Universe, the so-called Fire Trinity: the Sun, the Moon, and the Star. VIBURNUM OPULUS FRUIT 5SBG6H83QC Overview Names 6: Audit Info References 13: Substance Class: Structurally Diverse Source Materials Class: ORGANISM: Source Materials Type: PLANT: Source Materials Parent: DIO510WJ04. Its symbolic roots can be traced to the Slavic paganism of millennia ago. edule). Kalina derived in Russian language from kalit' or raskalyat', which means "to make red-hot". [11][12] In Russia the Viburnum fruit is called kalina (калина) and is considered a national symbol. The berries are edible fresh off the shrub, are sometimes used to make jams and jellies, and are reported to be much less bitter than those of the European V. opulus. Main Bloom Time: Early spring, Late spring, Mid spring. Fruit: Drooping clusters of nearly round, blue-black berries (drupes), 1/3 inch across, that turn bright red and juicy and quite acid, like a cranberry, as they mature in fall, becoming shrivelled after frost. Its symbolic roots can be traced to the Slavic paganism of millennia ago. It's current Latin name, Viburnum opulus L. var. 1a. In Slavic paganism kalyna also represents the beauty of a young lady, which rhymes well in the Ukrainian language: ka-ly-na — div-chy-na. [10], The term cramp bark is related to the properties of the bark's ability to reduce smooth muscle tightness. Some botanists also include the North American species Viburnum trilobum as V. opulus var. Your Viburnum Opulus Fruit stock images are ready. roseum L. • CT, MA, ME, NH, RI, VT. Swamps, wetland margins, shorelines; also introduced to field edges, roadsides, and abandoned lots. lantana.[3]. It is classified in the subsection Opulus which usually contains 5 species. The fruit is a spherical, oval, or somewhat flattened drupe, red to purple, blue, or black, and containing a single seed; some are edible for humans, but many others are mildly poisonous. In Slavic paganismkalyna also r… In prehistory, the long, straight shoots of some viburnums were used for arrow-shafts, as those found with Ötzi the Iceman. Călin is also used as both a given name and a surname. At one time the American Cranberrybush Viburnum was knows as Viburnum trilobum. Form: Oval, Upright or erect . Antioxidant and radical scavenging activities in fruits of 6 sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) cultivars. Mentions of the viburnum can be found throughout Ukrainian folklore such as songs, decorative art, Ukrainian embroidery, and poetry. Abstract. Viburnum opulus - Fall Interest. Viburnum opulus, Guelder-rose, European Cranberry-bush, bright-red fruit, sour, used like cranberries in making jelly, preserves, sauces, and wine. Give it some compost or fertilizer in the spring for best blooming and fruiting. Less susceptible to aphid damage than Viburnum opulus. In this study, the influence of guelder rose ( Viburnum opulus) fruit fresh juice (FJ) and a phenolic-rich fraction (PRF) isolated from juice on mice insulinoma MIN6 cells activities was investigated. americanum Ait., or as V. opulus subsp. [19] The name of the Russian song Kalinka is a diminutive of Kalina. americanum and four V. opulus cultivars, namely ‘Shukshinskaya’, ‘Krasnaya Grozd’, ‘Kiyevskaya Sadovaya’ and ‘P3’ were harvested in October, 2011, from the collection of Kaunas Botanical Garden of Vytautas Magnus University (Lithuania). Viburnum opulus - Fruit, Leaves. The seeds are dispersed by birds. In Africa, the genus is confined to the Atlas Mountains. opulus) and designated Viburnum opulus var. Many species of viburnum have become popular as garden or landscape plants because of their showy flowers and berries, fragrance, and good autumn colour of some forms. Photo by David Graper. American Cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus var. Some species are densely hairy on the shoots and leaves, with star-shaped hairs. Viburnum opulus is also an important symbol of Russian national ornamental wood painting handicraft style called Khokhloma. The leaves are eaten by the larvae of many Lepidoptera species. VIBURNUM OPULUS WHOLE. The fruit is a drupe, a fleshy fruit with a single seed encased in a stony pit. Its current classification is based on molecular phylogeny. American Viburnum prefers wet to moist well-drained soils in full sun to partial shade. The leaves are opposite, three-lobed, 5–10 cm (2–4 in) long and broad, with a rounded base and coarsely serrated margins; they are superficially similar to the leaves of some maples, most easily distinguished by their somewhat wrinkled surface with impressed leaf venation. In Romanian, which has been influenced by East Slavic culture, Viburnum opulus is called călin. Species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae, "Cramp Bark: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Dosage, and Warning", Peacebuilding with Women in Ukraine: Using Narrative to Envision a Common Future, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Viburnum_opulus&oldid=992605504, Articles with Ukrainian-language sources (uk), Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 6 December 2020, at 04:34. americanum) ripening fruit, mid-July in Pennsylvania. [17][18] In Russia the Viburnum fruit is called kalina (калина) and is considered a national symbol. The bark of some species is used in herbal medicine, as an antispasmodic and to treat asthma.[10]. Fruits of Viburnum opulus (highbush cranberry, guelder rose) ripen in the fall and remain uneaten throughout the winter months. Fruit is similar to that of Viburnum opulus but is used for preserves and jellies. It is however mildly toxic, and may cause vomiting or diarrhea if eaten in large amounts. Another great viburnum that shows multiple colors in a fruit cluster is Viburnum cassinoides. Emerging soft lime green, the eye-catching snowball blossoms change to pure white and often blush pink before they fade. The gynoecium has three connate carpels with the nectary on top of the gynoecium. Some shrubs retained fruits through May. Here are a few differences. Viburnum opulus 'Roseum' (syn. Birds eat the berries of Viburnum obovatum (also called Walter Viburnum after Thomas Walter).[4]. Details V. opulus is an upright deciduous shrub to 5m, with maple-like, palmately lobed leaves which turn pink or red in autumn, and flat clusters of small white flowers surrounded by larger sterile flowers, and followed by translucent red berries Plant range Eurasia N W Africa Also, the fruit of the native plant is edible and the European variety is not. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in studying food-originated phytocompounds with beneficial influences for humans. The two varieties can easily be confused. The cultivars 'Notcutt’s Variety',[6] 'Roseum'[7] and 'Xanthocarpum'[8] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Viburnum opulus 'Sterile' and 'Sterilis') - Three-inch May / June pom poms emerge granny apple smith green, develop white but often gradually turn light pink as inflorescence age. It is the key element of the Ukrainian traditional wreath. It is called cramp bark as relieving this type of muscle tightness is most often associated with relieving women's menstrual (period) cramps. It is tolerant of various soil types and is easy to grow. Elderberry clusters. It is naturalised in North America, where it is called "European cranberrybush" (although it is not a cranberry). It offers interest for most of the year, bearing large, lacecap-like, white flowers from late spring to early summer, followed by bunches of small, bright red, fleshy fruit in autumn. The fruit of some species (e.g. Other strong fruit producing viburnums include doublefile viburnum (Viburnum plicatum ‘Mariesii’), arrowwood viburnum (Viburnum dentatum) and Viburnum edule. Viburnum opulus - Good, old-fashioned European Cranberrybush Viburnum is hard to beat for copious and persistent fruit. Viburnum opulus - Bark. Download all free or royalty-free photos and vectors. americanum) developing fruit, late June in Pennsylvania. However, this can also be used during pregnancy for cramps or pain and general muscle cramping.[11]. The fruit is a globose bright red drupe 7–10 mm diameter, containing a single seed. The common name 'guelder rose' relates to the Dutch province of Gelderland, where a popular cultivar, the snowball tree, supposedly originated. American Cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus var. Viburnum is a genus of about 150–175 species of flowering plants in the moschatel family Adoxaceae. Its berries symbolize one's home and native land, blood, and family roots. Extracts were able to decrease intracellular oxidative stress at the highest non-cytotoxic concentrations. Viburnum opulus - Buds. Squash Bugs Are Active and Ready to Kill Your Plants. Showy drupes of bright red fruits, each berry about one-third in diameter ripen late season and persist right through the winter here. Viburnum opulus - Leaves. Viburnum opulus is a deciduous shrub growing to 4–5 m (13–16 ft) tall. Prized by florists, Viburnum opulus 'Roseum' (European Cranberrybush) is a large, bushy deciduous shrub of rounded habit, adorned with a profusion of large rounded clusters, 3 in. A yellow cultivar — Xanthocarpum — is used to make wine. [13] The name of the Russian song Kalinka is a diminutive of Kalina. The guelder rose, Viburnum opulus, is a hardy, vigorous native shrub suited to growing in woodland gardens or a shrub border. The member species are evergreen or deciduous shrubs or (in a few cases) small trees native throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere, with a few species extending into tropical montane regions in South America and southeast Asia. Viburnim opulus - Fruit. Turk. This is the reason for the "roseum" moniker. Rop O., Ercisli S., Mlcek J., Jurikova T., Hoza I., 2014. Like cranberries, they also mature in the autumn. The flowers are produced in corymbs 5–15 cm across, each flower white to cream or pink, small, 3–5 mm across, with five petals, strongly fragrant in some species. The red fiery color of the berries represents beauty in Russian culture and together with sweet raspberries it symbolises the passionate love of a beautiful maiden, since berries were always an erotic symbol in Russia. 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